So Paulo's influence in most economic aspects can be noted in a national (and even international) scale; Rio de Janeiro partially due to its former status as the national capital still host various large corporations' headquarters, besides being Brazil's cultural center with respect to film production and other such televised media. The 26 states are spread out evenly throughout the country's five zones. [1], The FederalDistrict has the same executive, legislative and judiciary organization as a state, but it cannot be divided into municipalities, which is why its territory is composed of several administrativeregions. [78], Although the majority of Brazilians have at least some degree of African heritage, the racial makeup of black Brazilians themselves is very mixed and mostly of them have a significant degree of white admixture with a minor indigenous component, the range of white admixture for Afro-Brazilians is typically between 30% and 70%; "pure" black Brazilians with more than 80% of their genes coming from African ancestry are a subgroup minority. Mortality by non-transmissible illness: 151.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants caused by heart and circulatory diseases, along with 72.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants caused by cancer. The land has a total area of 8,515,770 km (three million mi) and a total coastline of 7,491 km (4,654.7 mi). The CisplatineProvince was annexed into Brazil in 1821, declared independence as Uruguay in 1825, and was recognized by the TreatyofMontevideo in 1828. [34] Thanks to the favourable outlook of the Brazilian economy and due to the crisis that hit countries such as Japan, Portugal or the United States, emigration of Brazilian citizens stagnated - with many returning to their home country - until 2011, when 1,898,762 Brazilians were living abroad. Estimates say that there are 2.5 to 3.0million people of Japanese descent in Brazil, who are mostly concentrated in two states: So Paulo and Paran, but smaller communities are found in the entire territory of the country. There are 26 states (estados) and one federal district (distrito federal). In the mid-southern states of Rio de Janeiro, Esprito Santo, Minas Gerais, Gois, Mato Grosso do Sul and in the Federal District, the number of Europeans (European and Levantine phenotype) revolves around 50% of the population or above, being close to the proportion of people of Mixed-race Brazilians, and other minorities like Black Brazilians and East Asian Brazilians.[46]. Later, interracial relationships occurred between Portuguese males and African females. Manaus Curitiba Recife Goinia Porto Alegre Belm Campinas Macei Campo Grande Joo Pessoa Natal Cuiab Florianpolis Vitria This is a list of the most populous cities based on the population of the municipality where the city is located, rather than its metropolitan area. People of more than 70 different nationalities were recorded. Kindergarten and pre-school education are the responsibility of local levels of government, whereas secondary schools are under the responsibility of the states. This map names the eastern captaincy of Maranho as Piau, and does not show the captaincy of the island of So Joo. For this, settlers from the Portuguese Azores islands were sent to the coast in 1617.[95]. 41,of22December1981, "VotersRejectDivisionofBrazilianState", Inreferendum,votersofParrejectdivisionofthestate, BrazilianInstituteofGeographyandStatistics, EconomicstatisticaldataforBrazil's26statesandfederaldistrict(inEnglish,Portuguese,andSpanish), MapofBrazil,showingstatesandtheirstandardtimezones, Tableofadministrativecountrysubdivisionsbycountry. [82], Pairwise estimates of F(st) among the five Brazilian geopolitical regions suggested little genetic differentiation only between the South and the remaining regions. Brazil attracted nearly 5 million immigrants between 1870 and 1953. Approximate correspondence between historical divisions, This page was last edited on 17 July 2023, at 12:24, TransferofthePortugueseCourttoBrazil, ListofBrazilianstatesbyHumanDevelopmentIndex, ConstitutionoftheFederativeRepublicofBrazilof1988, Reconstructingthemapofthehereditarycaptaincies, Thepolitical-administrativeorganizationandtheregionalizationprocessoftheBraziliancolonialterritory, Decree-lawno. The European contribution is highest in Southern Brazil (77%), the African highest in Northeast Brazil (27%) and the Native American is the highest in Northern Brazil (32%). Responsibility for compulsory primary education from 1st to 9th grades is shared between states and municipalities. The federative units of Brazil (Portuguese: unidades federativas do Brasil) are subnational entities with a certain degree of autonomy (self-government, self-regulation and self-collection) and endowed with their own government and constitution, which together form the FederativeRepublicofBrazil. Minas Gerais ranks second with approximately 20,734,097 inhabitants and third by GDP. African-Brazilians are defined as people who are solely, or mostly, descended from former African slaves, or immigrants. A significant number of Poles have settled in Southern Brazil. Until the mid-20th century, Central-West Brazil had a very small population. [47] European-Brazilians are defined as people who are solely or mostly descended from European immigrants, although most Brazilians have some degree of European ancestry. Amazonas (AM) is the second most populous city with over 4.2 million people. (The total of the state populations is about 22,000 more than the total for Brazil.) The Italian established many vineyards in the region. The continental land was divided into captaincies in 1534, generally following lines of latitude, although some followed meridians or diagonal lines. According to Brazilian Government, the most serious health problems are:[110], According to the IBGE census 2010[111] 64.6% are Roman Catholics; 24% are Protestants and other Christians, 8% are agnostics, atheists or have no religion, 2% are followers of Spiritism, and 1% are members of other religions. According to the 2010 census, there were more than 91 million European-Brazilians, comprising 47.73% of Brazil's population. The Portuguese won the war. The state executive branch is headed by a state governor and includes a vice governor, both elected by the citizens of the state. Northern Brazil, largely covered by the Amazon rainforest, is the Brazilian region with the largest Amerindian influences, both in culture and ethnicity. In some states in the North and Northeast, the fertility rate was higher than the national average in 2015. Officially known as the Federative Republic of Brazil, the country has 212.7 million people and borders all other countries in South American except for Ecuador and Chile.Brazil covers 47.3% of the continent's land area and is home to diverse . The caboclo or mestio population, those whose ancestry is Native and European, revolves around 43 million people or 21% of the population. [1], The judiciary in each of the states is composed of judges of law, who constitute the courtsoffirstinstance, and a CourtofJustice, which is the court of second instance of the state and is composed of judges called desembargadores. There are 26 states of Brazil, which are the federal states of Brazil, and one Federal District, which contains the capital city, Braslia. Notice that the total is higher than 100% because of multiple answers. Inhabited by diverse indigenous tribes, this part of Brazil was reached by Portuguese and Spanish colonists in the 17th century, but it started to be populated by non-Indians only in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A survey conducted in 1998 by the Minas Gerais sociologist Simon Schwartzman interviewed about 34 million Brazilians, of whom nearly 20 million declared themselves white. Portuguese is the only official language of Brazil. This parameter provides an indication of age distribution. The ethnic composition of the population starts in the 16th century. At that time, the Azores were one of the poorest regions of Portugal. As political unrest, increasing violence, inflation, soaring unemployment rates and an economic crisis hit Brazil, millions of citizens moved abroad starting in 2011, generating the largest emigration process ever witnessed in Brazilian history, since Brazil has historically been a land of immigrants. The Portuguese settlers rarely brought women, which led to relationships with the Indian women. [90], So Paulo state, the most populous state in Brazil, with about 40 million people, showed the following composition, according to an autosomal study from 2006: European genes account for 79% of the heritage of the people of So Paulo, 14% are of African origin, and 7% Native American. Regarding race of mothers, between 2001 and 2015, the fertility rate of all racial groups fell below replacement rate. Brazil faces the Atlantic Ocean along 4,600 miles (7,400 km) of coastline and shares more than 9,750 miles (15,700 km) of inland borders with every South . Since then, numbers of Pentecostal and Neopentecostal adherents have increased significantly. Both proposals were rejected by about 66% of statewide voters, but reflecting a strong geographic split with over 90% approval by voters in the proposed breakaway regions and over 90% disapproval by those in the rest of the state. Among the Brazilian states, Sao Paulo has the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and also the third lowest illiteracy rate. Share of population 2021, by ethnicity and region. Between 1748 and 1756, six thousand Portuguese from the Azores moved to the coast of Santa Catarina. The states of Brazil as well as all cities with an urban population of 100,000 or more. Early childhood education, from 06 years, is under exclusive responsibility of the municipalities. The present states of Brazil trace their history directly to the captaincies established by Portugal following the TreatyofTordesillas which divided the World between Portugal and Spain. Indigenous peoples are found in the entire territory of Brazil, although the majority of them live in Indian reservations in the North and Centre-Western part of the country. The proportion of women aged 45 to 49 without children was 8.2% in 2013 among those with less education and 15.1% among those with more years of schooling. [91] A study from 2013 found the following composition in So Paulo state: 61.9% European, 25.5% African and 11.6% Native American. They were landed in Rio de Janeiro and sent to other regions. Black fertility fell from 2.75 to 1.88, Pardo/Mixed fertility fell from 2.65 to 1.96 and white fertility fell from 2.10 to 1.69. This dataset provide the following information for each city of Brazil: City Name in a String format; City Country in a String format; Country Code in a String format; City Population in a Number format World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision. As IBGE considers the entire Federal District synonymous to Braslia, the population of the Federal District is shown for Braslia. The figures below are based on the 2020 Estimates and 2010 Census of the IBGE. Median Age: age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half of the people are older than the median age indicated and half are younger. 1.78 children born/woman (IBGE 2015 est.)[23][24]. N.B. Urban Pop % : Urban population as a percentage of total population. Birth rate: 13.44 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) This anachronistic map shows the captaincy of So Paulo and Minas de Ouro from its foundation in 1709 to its first split in 1720, and the captaincies of Bahia and Pernambuco from the last merger with their surrounding captaincies in 1761 to their first following split in 1779. Until 1970, the majority of Brazilian Protestants were adherents of "traditional churches", mostly Lutherans, Presbyterians and Baptists. Population of Cities in Brazil 2023 CSV JSON [105] In 1808 the Portuguese Royal Family, fleeing from Napoleon, took charge in Rio de Janeiro. Almost 300,000 Brazilians - hence 6.8% of all Brazilians living abroad - lived in other Portuguese-speaking countries (94% in Portugal). This is a list of cities and towns in Brazil, ordered alphabetically by unidad federativa (federative unit). Nevertheless, in the following years, a further 4,830 Germans arrived at So Leopoldo, and then the colony started to develop, with the immigrants establishing the town of Novo Hamburgo (New Hamburg).[99]. Nowadays, the country has 5,570 municipalities. Rondnia (RO) is the third most populous city, home to almost 1.8 million people. On the other hand, So Paulo is the state with the lowest rate, 1.38 children per woman. Childhood mortality: about 2.51% of childhood mortality, reaching 3.77% in the northeast region. Notably, the first half of the 20th century saw a large inflow of Japanese (mainly from Honsh, Hokkaid and Okinawa) and Levantine Christians from Lebanon (and few from Syria). Despite the surge in the phenomenon, there were no specific policies implemented by the government to encourage or discourage this emigration process. In the late 17th century the Bandeirantes found gold in the area that nowadays is Minas Gerais. The described multiplexed SNP panels can be useful tool for bioanthropological studies but it can be mainly valuable to control for spurious results in genetic association studies in admixed populations". Many came from Guinea-Bissau, or from West African countries by the end of the eighteenth century many had been taken from the Kingdom of Kongo and modern-day Angola, Congo, Mozambique, Benin and Nigeria. The 2000 Brazilian Census provides some information about the high number of migrants returning to Brazil. The captaincies were to be inherited by the holders' descendants, but the Crown retained the power to reacquire them. The State of Paran received the majority of Polish immigrants, who settled mainly in the region of Curitiba, in the towns of Mallet, Cruz Machado, So Matheus do Sul, Irati, and Unio da Vitria.[103]. There is also a sizeable Brazilian community in France (172,000 Brazilians in 2021), almost equally split between Metropolitan France and French Guyana. The state is also richer than the neighboring countries of Uruguay, Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay combined. This page was last edited on 17 July 2023, at 13:36. This number decreased to 25% in 1858 and to only 5.2% in 2005. Starting in the late 19th century, Brazil received substantial post-colonial immigration from several other regions, mainly from peoples of what are now the countries of Italy, Germany, Spain, Poland, as well as Middle-Eastern Christians from the Levant (mostly from what is now Lebanon, and less so from Syria), Ukraine, Japan, China and Korea. Nowadays, the wine produced in these areas of Italian colonization in southern Brazil is much appreciated within the country, though little is available for export. The same source gave area figures that are slightly different from the ones I had reported previously. The first years were not easy. Net migration rate The German colony of So Leopoldo was a disaster. The Central-West region of Brazil was inhabited by diverse Indians when the Portuguese arrived in the early 18th century. The Brazil Population (Live) counter shows a continuously updated estimate of the current population of Brazil delivered by Worldometer's RTS algorithm, which processes data collected from the United Nations Population Division. The coast, in the past the place where millions of African slaves arrived (mostly from modern-day Angola, Ghana, Nigeria and Benin) to work in sugar-cane plantations, is where nowadays there is a predominance of Mulattoes, those of African and European ancestry. This is a list of the most populous cities based on the population of the municipality where the city is located, rather than its metropolitan area. The colonies gave rise to towns such as Cricima, and later also spread further north, to Paran. Followers of Protestantism are rising in number. Some 15,000 Portuguese nobles moved to Brazil. There are also non-capital metropolitan areas, for example, in So Paulo state (Campinas, Santos, Paraba Valley, Sorocaba, Ribeiro Preto and Franca), Minas Gerais (Steel Valley), Rio Grande do Sul (Sinos Valley), and Santa Catarina (Itaja Valley), amongst others. With two exceptions, the state capitals are all the largest cities in their respective states: Florianpolis, the capital of Santa Catarina is its second-largest city after Joinville, while Vitria is only the fourth-largest city in Esprito Santo, although it is located in that state's largest metropolitan area. Population 203,062,512 (August 2022 est.) Click to visit States of Brazil, List of Brazil States and Capitals States of Brazil Brazil is the largest country in South America and It is the world's fifth largest country, both by area and by population. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation. After independence and principally after 1850, Southeast Brazil was "inundated" by European immigrants, who were attracted by the government to replace the African slaves in the coffee plantations. In order to control the wealth, the Portuguese Crown moved the capital of Brazil from Salvador, Bahia to Rio de Janeiro. 216,351,127 According to current population projections, Brazil 's population will reach its peak of 229.6 million in 2045. Each of these public educational systems is responsible for its own maintenance, which manages funds as well as mechanisms and sources for financial resources. [1] The constitution thus ended all remaining territories, although it maintained the possibility of creating others in the future. According to the 2008 PNAD (National Household Sample Survey), conducted by the IBGE, the Brazilian Statistics bureau, there were about 189,953,000 inhabitants in 2008. In 1875, the first Italian colonies were established in Santa Catarina, which lies immediately to the north of Rio Grande do Sul. If only the returning migrants (former Brazilian immigrants) are considered, 26.8 percent of Brazilians came from Paraguay, 17 percent came from Japan, and 15.8 percent came from the United States.[34]. [97], After independence from Portugal (1822) the Brazilian government started to stimulate the arrival of a new wave of immigrants to settle the South. In Southeast Brazil, most of the immigrants were Italians (mainly from the Veneto, Campania, Calabria and Lombardia), Portuguese (mainly from Beira Alta, Minho and Alto Trs-os-Montes), Dutch, Spaniards (mainly from Galicia and Andalusia), Lithuanians, French, Hungarians and Ashkenazi Jews. In 19421943, with the entrance of Brazil into WorldWarII, the Vargasregime detached six strategic territories from the borders of the country in order to administer them directly: the archipelago of FernandodeNoronha (from Pernambuco), Amap (from Par), RioBranco (from Amazonas), Guapor (from MatoGrosso and Amazonas), Ponta Por (from Mato Grosso) and Iguau (from Paran and SantaCatarina). Other major communities are found in countries such as the UK (220,000 Brazilians in 2021), Canada (122,500 Brazilians in 2021) Ireland (70,000 Brazilians in 2021) and Australia (60,000 Brazilians in 2021). The whole region of Vale dos Sinos was populated by Germans. With the mechanization of agriculture in the South of Brazil, many rural workers of German and Italian origin migrated to Central-West Brazil. Half of them were from the southern part of the Okinawa Island, located about 640km (400 miles) south of the rest of Japan, which had its own distinct language and culture dating back to before the island's annexation by Tokyo in 1879. In fact, Brazil has the largest population of Japanese ancestry outside Japan, with 1.8million Japanese Brazilians, most of them living in So Paulo. The Population Division of the United Nations prepared the following estimates and forecasts.[15]. [43][44] [79] In colonial times, this region had a very small population. From Rhineland-Palatinate, the Major brought the immigrants and soldiers. "In all regions studied, the European ancestry was predominant, with proportions ranging from 60.6% in the Northeast to 77.7% in the South". The city of Salvador da Bahia is considered one of the largest African cities of the world. The population of Brazil is set to slow down as the country continues to develop in terms of wealth and urbanization. [85], An autosomal DNA study from 2009 found a similar profile: "all the Brazilian samples (regions) lie more closely to the European group than to the African populations or to the Mestizos from Mexico". Some captaincies were designated as captaincies-general, to which other captaincies were subordinated. The Southeastern region of Brazil is the most ethnically diverse part of the country. So Paulo alone has the largest population in absolute numbers with 30 million Europeans. Updated on July 16, 2023 with the latest July 2023-July 2024 estimates from the United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 1991, 2000, 2010, 2022 census 2022 definition Regions: States & Municipalities 1991, 2000, 2010, 2022 census Higher education starts with undergraduate or sequential courses, which may offer different specialization choices such as academic or vocational paths. The figures below are based on the 2015 Estimates and 2010 Census of the IBGE. The most important ones were Blumenau, in 1850, and Joinville in 1851, both in Santa Catarina state; these attracted thousands of German immigrants to the region. Official: Federative Republic of Brazil Local name: Brasil Region: South America Area: 8,515,770 km Capital: Brasilia Geography Brazil is a country on the Altantic Coast of South America. [92] Another study focused on highly admixed populations yielded similar results.[93]. The largest is Par (PA), with a population of 8.7 million. Brazil has total of 26 states with one Federal District. It is ranked as the richest of the country's states, contributing a third of Brazil's GDP. Nowadays, European-Brazilians come from a very diverse background, which includes: The Pardos can be a mixture of Europeans, Levantine, Crypto-Jews or Anusim, Africans, Amerindians, Roma and Asians. In 1977, the southern part of Mato Grosso became the state of MatoGrossodoSul. By themselves, Brazilian descendants of Portuguese "New Christians" are estimated to account for a figure anywhere between hundreds of thousands to several million. Population distribution in Brazil is very uneven. The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. Similar DNA tests showed that people self-classified as mulatto or European and African mix, span from 62% to 83% European (mostly descendants of Portuguese, Dutch and French settlers during the colonial period in the Northeast). A majority of these states have high numbers of population, below are some of them. The states are generally based on historical, conventional borders which have developed over time. There are also noticeable Brazilian communities in countries once source of immigrants such as Japan (210,000 Brazilians in 2021), Italy (162,000 Brazilians in 2021), Germany (140,000 Brazilians in 2021), the Netherlands (65,000 Brazilians in 2021) and Lebanon (21,000 Brazilians in 2021). Brazil has a high level of urbanization with 87.8%[1] of the population residing in urban and metropolitan areas. [48][49]. There are 26 states ( estados) and one federal district ( distrito federal ). The states are divided into municipalities, while the Federal District assumes the competences of both a state and a municipality. Map showing the administrative divisions of Brazil. The criteria used by the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics)[2] in determining whether households are urban or rural, however, are based on political divisions, not on the developed environment. States of Brazil Abbreviation Capital Population ( 2010 ) Area (sq km ) Acre: AC: Rio Branco: 732793: 152581.4: Alagoas: AL: Currently, 62% of the Brazilian population is aged below 29 years. These immigrants were predominantly from Veneto, in northern Italy. The city of Bastos, in So Paulo, is 11.4% Japanese. The color or race of the woman and the level of education has also shown to influence the fact of not having children. Brazil's population, as recorded by the 2010 census, was of 190,755,799 inhabitants[6] (22.40 inhabitants per square kilometer), with 84.36% of the population defined as urban. Research has suggested that Asians from the early Portuguese Eastern Empire, known as Luso-Asians first came to Brazil during the sixteenth century as seamen known as Lascars, or as servants, slaves and concubines accompanying the governors, merchants and clergy who has served in Portuguese Asia.