In 2013, an Iranian principlist political group, Front of Islamic Revolution Stability (which is partly made up of former ministers of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Mohammad Taghi Mesbah Yazdi),[99] gained a landslide victory in Mashhad City Council,[100] which on 23 September 2013, elected Seyed Sowlat Mortazavi as mayor, who was former governor of the province of South Khorasan and the city of Birjand. It is known this way because, as the story goes, in the 9th century, Imam Reza was said to have been poisoned by the caliph, and then buried in Mashhad. Mashhad was an educational centre, with a considerable number of Islamic schools (madrasas, the majority of them, however, dating from the later Safavid period. I always have good memories of Mashhad and I think it is one of the best cities in Iran for traveling. Unemployment, poverty, drug addiction, theft, and sexual exploitation are the most important social problems of the city. Mashhad is a city in Razavi Khorasan province and has many fans due to the presence of the shrine of Imam Reza. As there are two stone mountains in [], Mashhad is the capital city of the Khorasan- Razavi province. The Best Places to Visit in Mashhad, the Holiest City in Iran Stone Mountain or Kooh Sangi is one of them. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [46] The Baloch terrorist, Ramzi Yousef, a Sunni Muslim turned Wahhabi, one of the main perpetrators of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, was found to be behind the plot.[47]. Mashhad is a city in Razavi Khorasan province and has many fans due to the presence of the shrine of Imam Reza. Read more. 7 Top Religious Sites In IRAN - Visit Our Iran - Discover Iran This park hosts the Mellat amusement park, as well. [72] Ahmad Marvi is the current Custodian of Astan Quds Razavi. It was by the order of Goharshad Begum, the wife of Shah Rukh they build this mosque in the vicinity of the shrine of the 8th Imam (AS). [29][30] It is also known as the place where Ali ar-Ridha (Persian, Imam Reza), the eighth Imam of Shia Muslims, died (according to the Shias, was martyred). [citation needed] Several international events, especially entrepreneurs networking event entitled Entrepreneurs Show 2017, was organized by CODE International in collaboration with Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Khorasan Science and Technology Park, and city district government of Mashhad.[83]. The station is owned by IRI Railways and has daily services from most parts of the country, plus two suburban services. In 2015, Mashhad's clerics publicly criticized the performance of concert in Mashhad, which led to the order of cancellation of concerts in the city by Ali Jannati, the minister of culture, and then his resignation on 19 October 2016. Mashhad is one of the best and . (Mashhad bombing)", "Context of 'Mid-1994: Ramzi Yousef Works Closely with Al-Qaeda Leaders", "Highest record temperature in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Lowest record temperature in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Average Maximum temperature in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Average Mean Daily temperature in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Average Minimum temperature in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Monthly Total Precipitation in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "Average relative humidity in Mashhad by Month 19512010", "No. In 1977 the surrounding areas were demolished to make way for the implementation of this project. The new dynasty, the Qjrs (ruled 17941925), brought Khorsn and its capital city back into the orbit of the Iranian state in 1803. In 1911 Yusuf Khan of Herat was declared independent in Mashhad as Muhammad Ali Shah and brought together a large group of reactionaries opposed to the revolution, and keep stirring for some time. Just outside Mashhad is the mausoleum of Ab Qsim Ferdows (c. 935c. Ahmad Shah and his successor Timur Shah left Shah Rukh in possession of Khurasan as their vassal, making Khurasan a kind of buffer state between them and Persia. And since this place is next to the shrine of Imam Reza, you can kill two birds with one stone. The city is laid out in a roughly circular shape, with the religious edifices and monuments located in the centre and avenues radiating outward to approximately 12 neighbourhoods, such as Malikbd, Sajjd, Shahrak-e Azadi, Kuy-e Imm Ri, and Ssbd. Reza Shah (ruled 192541) pursued anticlerical policies, such as declassing the ulama (religious scholars), removing them from their posts in the Ministries of Education and Justice, taking over their assets, defrocking clergymen, and conscripting them into the army. The stepped Kang Village, at the foot of the Binaloud mountains, is 19 km west of Tarqabeh and 29 km from Mashhad. [73], Several credit institutions have been established in Mashhad, including Samenolhojaj ( ), Samenola'emmeh ( ) and Melal (formerly Askariye, ). [22] Many Muslim historians, from the 10th to the 16th century AD, attribute the founding of "Sanaabad" (the old name of the city) to Alexander. What is Mashhad known for? - Atheists for human rights Mashhad active galleries include: Mirak Gallery, Parse Gallery, Rezvan Gallery, Soroush Gallery, and the Narvan Gallery. In 1935, angered over popular resistance to Reza Shahs order that men wear European-style hats and that women appear in public without veils, officials ordered troops to open fire on a crowd in Mashhad that had formed to commemorate the Russian bombing of the city in 1912. Mashhad - Wikitravel This precious poet was able to take an important step in preserving the Persian language with his endless efforts. Mohammad-Reza Shajarian (Siyavash Bidgani), singer-songwriter. Places & Landmarks | Visiting Mashhad the current headway in peak hours is 4.5 minutes. Darogheh Historical house of Mashhad is a spectacular house and one of the most important tourist places in Iran. The Top 10 Things To See And Do In Mashhad, Iran - Culture Trip In this year the first population census was performed, with a result of 76,471 inhabitants. . The province is governed by a provincial governor (ostndr); the shahrestn is ruled by a regional governor (farmndr); and the municipality is ruled by a mayor (shahrdr) and a city council. Apart from the fact that this shrine is a pilgrimage and spiritual place, it is also very magnificent and exemplary in terms of architectural art. After the revolution, the urban renewal project was abandoned. There was a summer palace of Humayd ibn Qahtaba, the governor of Khurasan. Updates? Also in Mashhad is the magnificent Friday Mosque, the construction of which is attributed to Gawhar Shdwife of the Timurid ruler, Shh Rokh (ruled 140547). 8.14c 76% 05:39 17:40 Mashhad is located in Kashafrud River catchment basin and at the end of the Mashhad sedimentary plain, between Hezar masjid and Binalood mountains range, at the height of 1050m above the sea level with a mountainous and semi mountainous area which presents a moderate and variable climate. Mashhad also has wetter and drier periods with the bulk of the annual precipitation falling between the months of December and May. The famous Arman Shopping Center is located on Nawab Safavi Street, at a short distance from the Holy Shrine. Where is Kang village? Mashhad Tourism (2023) - Iran > Top Places, Travel Guide - Holidify As an important problem, the duration when new passengers stay in Mashhad has been considerably reduced to 2 days nowadays and they prefer to finish their trip immediately after doing pilgrimage and shopping in the markets. On 7 May 2018, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani took part in the inauguration ceremony of the first Mashhad Urban Railway interchange station, "Shariati", which connects line 1 and 2. [71] The main resource of the institution is endowments, estimated to have annual revenue of $210billion. In 818, Ali al-Ridha was martyred by al-Ma'mun and was buried beside the grave of Harun. Located in North-East Iran, Razavi Khorasan Province, it is also called the holy city of Iran. [citation needed]. Its officials have limited budgetary discretion, as power in Iran is concentrated in the central government. Religious sites in Mashhad Mashhad is the second-most populous city in Iran. The bombing damaged the shrine of Al al-Ri and generated widespread indignation and anger among the people. The relative humidity in the summer months is approximately 30 percent but in the winter months can rise to as high as 75 percent. Review . [11], At the 2006 census, its population was 2,410,800 in 621,697 households. [97] He was the Head of Iran's Judiciary from 1999 until 2009 who upon accepting his position, appointed Saeed Mortazavi, a well known fundamentalist and controversial figure during President Mahmud Ahmadinejad's reelection, prosecutor general of Iran. Karaj was initially known for summer resort but today it is one of the . Besides its religious significance, Mashhad has played an important political role as well. The Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, founded in 1984, stands at the centre of town, within the shrine complex. Additionally, there is a lake on the eastern side of the garden. Contemporaries apparently began to call the village of Sanbd by the name Al-Mashhad al-Riw (Arabic: The site of the martyrdom of Al al-Ri") in the late 10th century, more than a century after the imams demise. [94] Currently Mashhad Urban Railway Operation Company (MUROC)[91] operates 2 lines with 37.5 kilometers length and 35 stations. [], Where is Kang village? Ferdowsi and Akhavan-Sales are both buried in Tus, an ancient city that is considered to be the main origin of the current city of Mashhad. that is why Mashhad is named the holy city of Iran. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. The Shaybanid 'Abd al-Mu'min after a four months' siege forced the town to surrender. Mashhad, a city located in northeastern Iran, is not only a major pilgrimage site but also a vibrant and culturally rich destination. [citation needed] Mashhad Hawza (Persian: ) is one of the largest seminaries of traditional Islamic school of higher learning in Mashhad, which was headed by Abbas Vaez-Tabasi (who was Chairman of the Astan Quds Razavi board from 1979) after the revolution, and in which Iranian politician and clerics such as Ali Khamenei, Ahmad Alamolhoda, Abolghasem Khazali, Mohammad Reyshahri, Morteza Motahhari, Abbas Vaez-Tabasi, and Madmoud Halabi (the founder of Hojjatieh and Mohammad Hadi Abd-e Khodaee learned Islamic studies). One day in Mashhad - One Day Walking the City From hands-on activities & adrenaline dives to online classes and resources, we have something for all ages. Address: Imam Khomeini Street, Khosravi Street, Mashhad. [citation needed] Companies such as Smart-innovators in Mashhad are pioneers in electrical and computer technology. The city of Mashhad is the seat of Mashhad shahrestn (county), which is a part of Khorsn-e Razav ostn (province). Footsteps of Religion - Welcome to Iran Frequently Asked Questions About Mashhad - Pascal Cabart All this has made this city a popular and accessible destination for all Iranians and foreign tourists. Mashhad is the site of a prominent institution of higher education, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM; founded in 1949), which has colleges of humanities, mathematics, natural sciences, theology, education, and veterinary medicine. For this reason, the art of turquoise carving has been popular in this city for a long time and has reached Mashhad as well. History of Mashhad | Visiting Mashhad Mashhad | Meaning, History, Tourism, & Map | Britannica The transition to Pahlavi rule brought about changes to Mashhads governance. With a history dating back to ancient times, Mashhad is filled with fascinating stories and interesting facts that make it a truly captivating city. Abbas Hajimohammadi and Shaminder Dulai, eds. In the yard of Darogheh house, there is a beautiful pond and two small gardens that attract your attention. THE 10 BEST Mashhad Sights & Historical Landmarks - Tripadvisor Some five or six other universities and more than a dozen other colleges are also located in the city. The garden has a 15 m by 10 m pool located in front of the main porch. The modern development of the city accelerated under Reza Shah (1925-1941). The Shrine of Imam Reza is vaster than Vatican City. Road 22 travels northwest towards Bojnurd. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Shii pilgrims come to pay their respects there from all over Iran and from many countries of the world. As mentioned, Mashhad is famous for the Imam Reza Shrine, which is considered one of the most important religious sites in the world. However, if you are discovering the north of Iran, you should include it in your itinerary. [35] Thus the survivors of the massacres migrated to Mashhad. Scores were killed. The Madrassa of Ayatollah Al-Khoei, originally built in the seventeenth century and recently replaced with modern facilities, is the city's foremost traditional centre for religious learning. In 808, when Harun al-Rashid, Abbasid caliph, was passing through to quell the insurrection of Rafi ibn al-Layth in Transoxania, he became ill and died. Goharshad Mosque is located in the south of Razavi Shrine. Under his grandson, Shh Rokh (died 1796), Khorsn was essentially a vassal territory tributary to Hert, autonomous from the Iranian monarchy. The city's economy is based mainly on dry fruits, salted nuts, saffron, Iranian sweets like gaz and sohaan, precious stones like agates, turquoise,[citation needed] intricately designed silver jewelry studded with rubies and emeralds, eighteen carat gold jewelry, perfumes, religious souvenirs, trench coats, scarves, termeh, carpets, and rugs. [45] The bomb that killed at least 25 people on 20 June in Mashhad exploded on Ashura. Bagh Melli is located in the middle of the urban life of Mashhad. [36] When the Arab traveller Ibn Battuta visited the town in 1333, he reported that it was a large town with abundant fruit trees, streams and mills. Padideh Shandiz International Tourism Development Company, an Iranian private joint-stock holding company, behaves like a public company by selling stocks despite being a joint-stock in the field of restaurants, tourism and construction,[citation needed] with a football club (Padideh F.C. To relocate the demolished businesses, a new bazaar was designed and constructed in Meydan-e Ab square (in Persian, " ")[42] by Dariush Borbor. The following Shahanshahs had Mashhad as their capital: Abolghasem Ferdowsi Pazh, one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian speaking countries. It is where various sightseeing spots of Iran are built and exhibited in small size, miniature, and with full elegance. Mashhad, the holiest place in Iran, is seldom on the list of travelers because of its relatively remote location. Iran's second largest city and spiritual centre, Mashhad is located in the northeastern province of Khorasan. It was as the cultural capital of the Islamic world in 2017. Mashhad, also spelled Mashad or Meshed, city, capital of Khorsn-e Razav ostn (province), northeastern Iran. [citation needed]. Moreover, Mashhad has lots of attractions to enjoy. Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals have a special place in Mashhad and is one of the most important zoorkhaneh in Iran in Mashhad. As with many cities located in intermontane valleys, access to underground aquifers is through a series of canals (qant) drilled downward into the slopes of the mountains. [34] In 1161, however, the Seljuks seized the city, but they spared the sacred area their pillaging. Today, the holy shrine and its museum hold one of the most extensive cultural and artistic treasuries of Iran, in particular manuscript books and paintings. This shrine is the tomb of the 8th Shiite Imam. [82], The Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization named Mashhad 2017's "cultural capital of the Muslim world" in Asia on 24 January 2017. A Persian carpet ( Persian: , romanized : far-e irni [fre farsi]) or Persian rug ( Persian: , romanized : qli-ye irni [lije farsi] ), [1] also known as Iranian carpet, is a heavy textile made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes and produced in Iran (historically known as Persia ), for hom. Also, there is a type of carpet, classified as Mashhad Turkbf, which, as its name suggests, is woven by hand with Turkish knots by craftsmen who emigrated from Tabriz to Mashhad in the nineteenth century. Kashmar rug is a type of Persian rug indigenous to this region. For four days local police and army refused to violate the shrine and the standoff was ended when troops from Azerbaijan arrived and broke into the shrine,[43] killing dozens and injuring hundreds, and marking a final rupture between Shi'ite clergy and the Shah. A museum is also home to over 70,000 rare manuscripts from various historical eras. Mashhad, known as a place of religious pilgrimage, centered on the vast Holy Shrine of Imam Reza, with golden domes and minarets that glisten in the sun. 1800 meters above the sea level, the bright lights make a fantastic city of Mashhad to visit, but a small lesser-known village appears. An historically important transit city along the Silk Road, Mashhad, which literally means 'place of martyrdom', is most famous for accommodating the tomb of Imam Reza, the 8th Shia Imam. Mashhad is connected to three major rail lines: Tehran-Mashhad, Mashhad-Bafq (running south), and Mashhad-Sarakhs at the border with Turkmenistan. Mashhad | Silk Roads Programme - UNESCO Silk Road Attraction (Mashhad) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go Nader Shah Afshar (Persian: ; also known as Nder Qoli Beyg or Tahmsb Qoli Khan ) (August 1688 - 19 June 1747) was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran and one of the most powerful rulers in Iranian history, ruling as shah of Iran (Persia) from 1736 to 1747, when he was assassinated during a rebellion. Responding to a cleric who denounced the Shah's heretical innovations, corruption, and heavy consumer taxes, many bazaars and villagers took refuge in the shrine, chanted slogans such as "The Shah is a new Yazid." What Is Mashhad Famous For? | The Top 13 Top Attractions in Mashhad Written July 20, 2019. When the Mongol noble who governed the place rebelled and attempted to make himself independent, Miran Shah was sent against him by his father. The highest recorded temperature was 43.8C (111F) on 6 July 1998 and the lowest recorded temperature was 28C (18F) on 3 February 1972. This is thought to be related to the non-positive performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). It was eventually renamed to Mashhad during the Safavid Empire. It appears that the unadorned name, Mashhad, entered into conventional usage after the Mongol destruction of s in 1389. This city is located in the North-East part of the country. Mashhad, also spelled Mashad or Meshed, city, capital of Khorsn-e Razav ostn (province), northeastern Iran. In 1507, it was taken by the troops of the Shaybani or Shabani Khan. It is located in the Kashaf River valley at an elevation of about 1,000 metres. Cargo and passenger rail services are provided or operated by RAJA Rail Transportation Co.,[86][87] Joopar Co.,[88] and Fadak Trains Co.[89], A new service from Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, to Mashad, Iran, was launched in December 2016.[90]. With so many visitors, Mashhad is a city that is full of life and . 102026), the incomparable poet and author of the Shh-nmeh (Book of Kings). It was recently restored, and is to be turned into a museum. [12] The following census in 2011 counted 2,766,258 people in 804,391 households. [10] It serves as the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province and has a population about 3,400,000 (2016 census), which includes the areas of Mashhad Taman and Torqabeh. After two decades, Shah Tahmasp I succeeded in repelling the enemy from the town again in 1528. Read more. He was the eighth Imam (head spiritual leader) of Shi'ate Islam (Some consider him Imam of all Muslims.His holy position made his tomb a sacred place for pilgrims to worship. [77] The Mashhadi Persian dialect is somewhat different from the standard Persian dialect in some of its tones and stresses. Wrestling is one of the most popular sports in this city. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()). Some points of interest lie outside the city: the tomb of Khajeh Morad, along the road to Tehran; the tomb of Khajeh Rabi' located 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) north of the city where there are some inscriptions by the renowned Safavid calligrapher Reza Abbasi; and the tomb of Khajeh Abasalt, a distance of 20 kilometres (12 miles) from Mashhad along the road to Neishabur (the three were all disciples of Imam Reza). Ahmad defeated the Persians and took Mashhad after an eight-month siege in 1753. Those who escaped the holocaust settled in the shelter of the 'Alid sanctuary. Back in the 9th century, Imam Reza was poinsoned and martyred in the city.