ramadan hussein biography

"[53], Iraqi society fissures along lines of language, religion and ethnicity. Saddam's personality cult reflected his efforts to appeal to the various elements in Iraqi society. Specific charges included the murder of 148 people, torture of women and children and the illegal arrest of 399 others. [40] According to a semi-official biography, Saddam personally led Naif at gunpoint to the plane that escorted him out of Iraq. Saddam led Arab opposition to the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel (1979). [12] He asserted that while all of the latter opposed Zionism, only Nasser consistently developed his country, combated imperialism and made strides toward Arab unity. [13], Hussein decried the morale of those in his generation who sought to simply make a living instead of fighting for their rights. US officials continued to accuse Saddam of violating the terms of the Gulf War's cease fire, by developing weapons of mass destruction and other banned weaponry, and violating the UN-imposed sanctions. Wafa Mullah Huwaysh is rumored to have married Saddam as his fourth wife in 2002. [11] At the same time, he made appeals to his "Jewish compatriots", particularly those in the workers' parties to adhere to the universal principles of their progressive movements and to fight against Arab inequality in Israel. [23] Later that year, the Ba'ath Party leadership was planning to assassinate Qasim. Saddam Hussein - Wikipedia Moreover, Bush announced that he would possibly take action to topple the Iraqi government, because of the threat of its weapons of mass destruction. Movies. "[82] Neither side had achieved what they had originally desired and the borders were left nearly unchanged. "[74], Some elements of Sharia law were re-introduced, and the phrase "Allahu Akbar" ("God is great"), in Saddam's handwriting, was added to the national flag. On 9 March, my close friend and colleague, the young, brilliant, and promising Egyptian archaeologist Ramadan Badri Hussein, passed away after a short illness in Germany. He was, May Allahs mercy be upon him, known for his high values and morals, according to a testimony by his friends, Sheikhs and close members, as he was characterized by his humility, his forgiveness, his kindness, and his righteousness towards his parents. [12] As a Zionist party, Mapam opposed all of the aforementioned Arab figures. But these disobedient thousands did not keep silent about what our pious judges who pray and fast, have kept silent". There had also been bitter enmity between Saddam and Khomeini since the 1970s. Also, he was strongly affected by the words of Allah, as he used to cry while reciting the holy Quran, and he was known among his acquaintances to do good deeds, to help his family and to speak only to say good things. Faced with rebuilding Iraq's infrastructure and internal resistance, Saddam desperately re-sought cash, this time for postwar reconstruction. On 5 November 2006, Saddam was convicted by the Iraqi High Tribunal of crimes against humanity related to the 1982 killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'a and sentenced to death by hanging. There he involved himself with Iraqi Shi'ites and developed a strong religious and political following against the Iranian Government, which Saddam tolerated. Rashid Hussein Mahmoud (Arabic: , Hebrew: ; 1936 2 February 1977) was a Palestinian poet, orator, journalist and Arabic-Hebrew translator. Al-Bakr was the older and more prestigious of the two, but by 1969 Saddam clearly had become the moving force behind the party. The US government stated that it considered the release of the pictures a violation of the Geneva Convention, and that it would investigate the photographs. Aflaq, the leader of the Ba'athist movement, organized the expulsion of leading Iraqi Ba'athist members, such as Fuad al-Rikabi, on the grounds that the party should not have initiated the attempt on Qasim's life. The majority of combat between the two sides took place in the Sinai Peninsula and . [143] It was later claimed by the head guard at the tomb where his remains lay that Saddam's body had been stabbed six times after the execution. After the inquiry, Saddam then donated another $200,000 to Chaldean Sacred Heart Church. This number would decrease quickly during the 1970s as global oil prices helped revenues to rise from less than a half billion dollars to tens of billions of dollars and the country invested into industrial expansion. [8] In a 1986 poem, Mahmoud Darwish, who had encountered Hussein in Cairo, commemorated his death as a sudden loss of a charismatic figure who could invigorate the Palestinian people,[16] writing: He came to us a blade of wine And left, a prayer's end He flung out poems At Christo's Restaurant And all of Acre would rise from sleep To walk upon the sea Mahmoud Darwish, On Fifth Avenue he greeted me (1986)[1][16], In 2006, the Palestinian singer and musicologist Reem Kelani set one of Rashids poems to music in her song Yearning. R.I.P Dr.Ramadan Hussein 206 10 comments Best Add a Comment TN_Egyptologist 1 yr. ago He was Associate Professor of Egyptology, Eberhard Karls Universitt,Tbignen Director, the Saqqara Saite Tombs Project, Eberhard Karls Universitt,Tbignen, 2016- to present. The influence of revolutionary Shi'ite Islam grew apace in the region, particularly in countries with large Shi'ite populations, especially Iraq. Consequently, many viewed Iraq as "an agent of the civilized world. Saddam nationalised the Iraq Petroleum Company, diversifying the Iraqi economy. Human Rights Watch estimates that between 50,000 and 100,000 people were killed. [51][52], "Fifty-seven boxes were recently returned to the Kurdish city of Sulaimaniya in Zeit truckslarge Russian military vehiclesby the Iraqi government authorities. And answers some audience questions! Father to the . [144] Saddam's demeanor while being led to the gallows has been discussed by two witnesses, Iraqi Judge Munir Haddad and Iraqi national security adviser Mowaffak al-Rubaie. [2] For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for These deaths made Saddam's mother, Subha Tulfah al-Mussallat, so depressed that she attempted to abort her pregnancy and commit suicide. "[47] Saddam Hussein could pursue such military aggression with a "military machine paid for in large part by the tens of billions of dollars Kuwait and the Gulf states had poured into Iraq and the weapons and technology provided by the Soviet Union, Germany, and France. The 1978 crackdown on Iraqi Communists and a shift of trade toward the West strained Iraqi relations with the Soviet Union; Iraq then took on a more Western orientation until the Gulf War in 1991.[70]. Saddam Hussein started recitation of final Muslim prayers, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." Saddam, having survived the immediate crisis in the wake of defeat, was left firmly in control of Iraq, although the country never recovered either economically or militarily from the Gulf War. [100] On the other hand, Washington foreign policymakers, along with Middle East experts, military critics, and firms heavily invested in the region, were extremely concerned with stability in this region. The tombs of the Saite Dynasty (Dynasty 26, ca. [1] He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics, the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics. Saddam implemented a national infrastructure campaign that made great progress in building roads, promoting mining, and developing other industries. Iraq successfully gained some military and financial aid, as well as diplomatic and moral support, from the Soviet Union, China, France, and the US, which together feared the prospects of the expansion of revolutionary Iran's influence in the region. International television channels competed in making documentaries about his amazing discoveries, and he presented a wonderful series of documentary films on the mummification cache at Saqqara, lecturing about his discoveries in a large number of universities, institutes, and specialised scientific institutions in Egypt and abroad. Yom Kippur War - Wikipedia Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International issued regular reports of widespread imprisonment and torture. [15][16] At around the age of 10, Saddam fled the family and returned to live in Baghdad with his uncle Khairallah Talfah, who became a fatherly figure to Saddam. [24] The choice of Saddam was, according to journalist Con Coughlin, "hardly surprising." John Esposito wrote, "Arabs and Muslims were pulled in two directions. Just two years after the 1988 Iraq and Iran truce, "Saddam Hussein did what his Gulf patrons had earlier paid him to prevent." Saddam's half-brother, Barzan Ibrahim, and Awad Hamed al-Bandar, head of Iraq's Revolutionary Court in 1982, were convicted of similar charges. Conversely, Saddam used Iraq's oil wealth to develop an extensive patronage system for the regime's supporters. [37] Saddam then created a Ba'athist security service, which he alone controlled.[38]. However, in the case of the Palestinians in Israel, the old leadership was restored to control the Arab community on behalf of the state. In the 1995 referendum, conducted on 15 October, he reportedly received 99.96% of the votes in a 99.47% turnout, getting only 3,052 negative votes among an electorate of 8.4million. He also served as prime minister of Iraq, first from 16 July 1979 until 23 March 1991, and later from 29 May 1994 to 9 April 2003. [9] In 1965, Hussein moved to Paris,[8] and two years later, he became a member of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), and was stationed at its New York City office,[3] where he worked as a Hebrew-Arabic translator. [150] Before it was destroyed, a Sunni tribal group reportedly removed his body to a secret location, fearful of what might happen.[151]. [133], The guards at the Baghdad detention facility called their prisoner "Vic", which stands for "Very Important Criminal", and let him plant a small garden near his cell. [74], One US Muslim observer[who?] When Baghdad fell to US-led forces on 9 April, marked symbolically by the toppling of his statue,[125] Saddam was nowhere to be found. In 1978, Baghdad hosted an Arab League summit that condemned and ostracized Egypt for accepting the Camp David Accords. The government also supported families of soldiers, granted free hospitalization to everyone, and gave subsidies to farmers. A shift was, therefore, clearly visible among many Islamic movements in the post war period "from an initial Islamic ideological rejection of Saddam Hussein, the secular persecutor of Islamic movements, and his invasion of Kuwait to a more populist Arab nationalist, anti-imperialist support for Saddam (or more precisely those issues he represented or championed) and the condemnation of foreign intervention and occupation. This document can be read on line in, Director of the Office for Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance of Iraq, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, Acting President of the Governing Council of Iraq, Secretary General of the National Command, an estimated 250,000 arbitrary deaths and disapperances, Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Learn how and when to remove this template message, United States support for Iraq during the IranIraq War, crimes committed against residents of Dujail, "Defiant Hussein Rebukes Iraqi Court for Trying Him", "New Sources for the Study of Iraqi Intelligence during the Saddam Era", International Journal of Middle East Studies, " | ", "The Iraqi Tribes and the Post-Saddam System", "Was a Tyrant Prefigured by Baby Saddam? Various sightings of Saddam were reported in the weeks following the war, but none were authenticated. Ramadan Hussein. [46], The oil revenue benefited Saddam politically. He joined the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in 1957, and the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party, and its regional organization, the Iraqi Ba'ath Party. Ramadan is thought of as one of the names of God in Islam by some, and as such it is reported in many hadiths that it is prohibited to say only "Ramadan" in reference to the calendar month and that it is necessary to say "month of Ramadan", as reported in Sunni, [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] Shia [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] and Zaydi [40] sour. Mohamed Ramadan Hussein - Producer Filmography photos Video For the scepticism and pessimism of Abu'l-'Ala al-Ma'arri reflect an age of social decay and political anarchy in Islam while Iliya Abu Madi who emigrated in 1911 to the U.S.A., represents the capacity of Arabic literature both to survive in and to be enriched by a non-Arab environment. [43] The desire for stable rule in a country rife with factionalism led Saddam to pursue both massive repression and the improvement of living standards.[43]. Asked if she wanted to give a message to her father, she said: "I love you and I miss you." *A version of this article appears in print in the 31 March, 2022 edition ofAl-Ahram Weekly. We all are in a state of shock. Saddam acted to secure his grip on power. The video was leaked to electronic media and posted on the Internet within hours, becoming the subject of global controversy. Hussein's poetry was influenced by the 11th-century Arab skeptic al-Ma'arri and the early 20th-century Lebanese American poet Elia Abu Madi. Later (probably to appeal for support from the US and most Western nations), he would make toppling the Islamic government one of his intentions as well. Iraq's relations with the Arab world have been extremely varied. The Obituary link was not made available in the post. RIP Dr. Ramadan Hussein, one of the best Egyptologists of our - Reddit The rise of Nasser foreshadowed a wave of revolutions throughout the Middle East in the 1950s and 1960s, with the collapse of the monarchies of Iraq, Egypt, and Libya. That month, they spoke with CNN and the Arab satellite station Al-Arabiya in Amman. [3] Hussein described himself as a "lax Muslim", once writing in 1961, "I do not pray and I do not go to the mosque and I know that in this I am disobeying the will of God thousands of people like me are lax in fulfilling the divine precepts. He was a leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organization, the Iraqi Ba'ath Party, which espoused Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism. Click and Collect from your local Waterstones or get FREE UK delivery on orders over 25. [21] His father-in-law, Khairallah Talfah, was reported to have served five years in prison for his role in fighting against Great Britain in the 1941 Iraqi coup d'tat and Anglo-Iraqi War, and often mentored and told tales of his exploits to the young Saddam.[16]. Envoy", "Interrogator Shares Saddam's Confessions", George Washington University's National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. After completing his educational path, several students learned the Sharia sciences under the supervision of Sheikh Ramadan. CNN, "Hussein was symbol of autocracy, cruelty in Iraq," 30 December 2003. : You are free: to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix - to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. The Al-Anfal Campaign was a genocidal campaign[83] against the Kurdish people (and many others) in Kurdish regions of Iraq led by the government of Saddam Hussein and headed by Ali Hassan al-Majid. The number killed on both sides was perhaps 500,000, with Iran suffering the greatest losses. For one, Washington had been taking measures to cultivate a constructive relationship with Iraq for roughly a decade. [58] Saddam Hussein believed that the recognition of the ancient Mesopotamian origins and heritage of Iraqi Arabs was complementary to supporting Arab nationalism. The allies ultimately rejected any linkage between the Kuwait crisis and Palestinian issues. Ramadan Hussein. Saddam Hussein [c] (28 April 1937 - 30 December 2006), known mononymously as Saddam, was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who was the fifth president of Iraq, from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. Although Saddam was al-Bakr's deputy, he was a strong behind-the-scenes party politician. [27] Saddam's role in the failed assassination became a crucial part of his public image for decades. The Quran reader Ramadan Chakour Hussein was born on the 18th August 1976, corresponding to 1396 Hijry in Kirkuk city, Iraq. Kingdom of the Mummies (TV Mini Series 2020- ) - IMDb He slowly began to consolidate his power over Iraq's government and the Ba'ath party. The Albu Nasir tribe had settled in Tikrit after migrating from Yemen. [8] In Shefa-'Amr in 1980, a commemorative volume of Hussein's poems and other literary works was published, including Qasa'id Filastiniyya. We worked together on the Giza Pyramids antiquities, at the Bahariya Oasis excavations, and on many projects at the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) and the Ministry of State for Antiquities. [84] Some Kurdish sources put the number higher, estimating that 182,000 Kurds were killed. Hussein was born in Cairo in December 1971. Lending was based on cronyism. Saddam feared that radical Islamic ideashostile to his secular rulewere rapidly spreading inside his country among the majority Shi'ite population. At the same time, Aflaq secured seats in the Iraqi Ba'ath leadership for his supporters, one of them being Saddam. At the time, Saddam then asked Yasso, "I heard there was a debt on your church. Studies dispute the number of people who died in south and central Iraq during the years of the sanctions. He made amazing archaeological discoveries that the whole world spoke of with admiration and respect, praising this young Egyptian archaeologist who had raised the name of Egypt so highly. "[47] Saddam's regime brought about the deaths of at least 250,000 Iraqis[57] and committed war crimes in Iran, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. Arif dismissed and arrested the Ba'athist leaders later that year in the November 1963 Iraqi coup d'tat. Encyclopdia Britannica states: "Estimates of total casualties range from 1,000,000 to twice that number. Britain profited heavily from billions of dollars of Kuwaiti investments and bank deposits. [12] In the 1959 Knesset election, the conflict between Nasser and Qasim was a major issue in Israel's Arab community, dividing Nasser's Arab nationalist supporters and Qasim's communist sympathizers. Kingdom of the Mummies: With Kerry Shale, Salima Ikram, Ramadan Hussein, Sahar Saleem. Saddam laughed and later said, "Do you consider this manhood?" Biography Biography He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 82 kg at the 1992 Summer Olympics. We at the Czech Institute of Egyptology will remember him as an excellent Egyptologist and a good friend, who was always willing to offer advice and help, or just to talk about anything. [11], Although Saddam is often described as a totalitarian leader, Joseph Sassoon notes that there are important differences between Saddam's repression and the totalitarianism practiced by Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin, particularly with regard to freedom of movement and freedom of religion. Right More Filters Archaeology & Arts Ramadan B. Hussein has passed away. Again, one of the crowd asked those who shouted to keep quiet for God. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, as vice chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, formally al-Bakr's second-in-command, Saddam built a reputation as a progressive, effective politician. Instead Iraq received economic and military support from its allies, who overlooked Saddam's use of chemical warfare against the Kurds and the Iranians, in addition to Iraq's efforts to develop nuclear weapons.[74]. Saudi Arabia condemned Iraqi authorities for carrying on with the execution on a holy day. Dr. Hussein was a giving and supportive scholar who sponsored, trained and educated many students both in Germany and Egypt into multidisciplinary approaches in Egyptian archaeology. A few weeks later, he was charged by the Iraqi Special Tribunal with crimes committed against residents of Dujail in 1982, following a failed assassination attempt against him. My dear friend, honourable colleague, and brilliant archaeologist will remain in our memories, our consciences, and our prayers. Don't miss this inspirational int. By 1 August 1979, hundreds of high-ranking Ba'ath party members had been executed. He published his first collection in 1957. The state-owned banks were put under his thumb. [3] In 1973, he served as a broadcaster in the Syrian Broadcasting Service's Hebrew-language program. [2] Mohyeldin Ramadan Hussein[1] is an Egyptian wrestler. On 30 June 2004, Saddam Hussein, held in custody by US forces at the US base "Camp Cropper", along with 11 other senior Ba'athist leaders, was handed over to the interim Iraqi government to stand trial for crimes against humanity and other offences. [3][8] At the time, the Iraqi Jewish critic Eliahu Khazum described Hussein as "the most promising Arab poet in Israel", the "only one interested in the study of Hebrew" and who surprised an audience of Jewish and Arab writers by "reciting his first poem he wrote in Hebrew". Dr Ramadan Hussein - Essex Egyptology Group The tour was conducted by US Marine Maj. Gen. Doug Stone, overseer of detention operations for the US military in Iraq at the time. He played a key role in the 17 July Revolution and was appointed vice president by Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr. "[118][119], After the passing of UNSC Resolution 1441, which demanded that Iraq give "immediate, unconditional and active cooperation" with UN and IAEA inspections,[120] Saddam allowed U.N. weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix to return to Iraq. Ramadan Huseini was born on 3 January 1974 in Denmark. Studies Ancient Egyptian Religion, Egyptian language, and Egyptian Book of the Dead. 3 distinct works. The writer is director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina Antiquities Museum. At the show trial, six of the defendants were given death sentences; for unknown reasons the sentences were not carried out. He had a good instinct for what the "Arab street" demanded, following the decline in Egyptian leadership brought about by the trauma of Israel's six-day victory in the 1967 war, the death of the pan-Arabist hero, Gamal Abdul Nasser, in 1970, and the "traitorous" drive by his successor, Anwar Sadat, to sue for peace with the Jewish state. Perspectives on Ancient Egypt: Studies in Honor of Edward Brovarski (Annales du service des antiquits de l'gypte, Cahier 40) by. Ramadan Hussein Net Worth 2023: Wiki Bio, Married, Dating, Family Can one drowning in the open sea ask for a helping hand from the sky? Explore Moustafa Ramadan Hussein Wiki Age, Height, Biography as Wikipedia, Wife, Family relation. In September 1980, Saddam abrogated the Algiers Agreement and invaded Iran, marking the start of the IranIraq War (19801988), which resulted in a stalemate ceasefire. When Khomeini began to urge the Shi'ites there to overthrow Saddam and under pressure from the Shah, who had agreed to a rapprochement between Iraq and Iran in 1975, Saddam agreed to expel Khomeini in 1978 to France. [85][86][57], The end of the war with Iran served to deepen latent tensions between Iraq and its wealthy neighbor Kuwait. This message earned Saddam a great deal of popularity in many sectors of the Arab world. Games Participations 1. He became one of the best scholars in this field worldwide, focusing in his research on the use of these texts in the tombs of non-royal members of the Saite elite. [88] The extent of Kuwaiti oil reserves also intensified tensions in the region. Saddam was placed at the top of the US list of most-wanted Iraqis. Ramadan B. Hussein Death, Cause Of Death : There is a social media confirmation publication that Ramadan B. Hussein has died. The assassins planned to ambush Qasim at Al-Rashid Street on 7 October 1959: one man was to kill those sitting at the back of the car, the rest killing those in front. [72] Saddam did negotiate an agreement in 1970 with separatist Kurdish leaders, giving them autonomy, but the agreement broke down. "[113], Saddam continued involvement in politics abroad. Deploys Air and Sea Forces After Iraq Threatens 2 Neighbors", "CONFRONTATION IN THE GULF; Excerpts From Iraqi Document on Meeting With U.S. He later ordered troops to the IraqKuwait border. He became a star in the world of archaeology and a major public figure for archaeologists all over the world. Can't wrap my arms around this! Saddam developed a reputation for liking expensive goods, such as his diamond-coated Rolex wristwatch, and sent copies of them to his friends around the world. Please do not exceed two simultaneous downloads. Kuwait was pumping large amounts of oil, and thus keeping prices low, when Iraq needed to sell high-priced oil from its wells to pay off its huge debt. As part of the cease-fire agreement, Iraq agreed to scrap all poison gas and germ weapons and allow UN observers to inspect the sites. Despite several calls for a ceasefire by the United Nations Security Council, hostilities continued until 20 August 1988. Actor. In return, Yasso said that Saddam Hussein donated US$250,000 to his church, which is made up of at least 1,200 families of Middle Eastern descent. He was described by US officials as being in good health. [2] References [ edit] ^ "Mohyeldin RAMADAN HUSSEIN Profile". Subha "would have nothing to do with him," and Saddam would eventually be taken in by an uncle. Also during the 1990s, President Bill Clinton maintained sanctions and ordered air strikes in the "Iraqi no-fly zones" (Operation Desert Fox), in the hope that Saddam would be overthrown by political enemies inside Iraq. Saddam urged the Kuwaitis to waive the Iraqi debt accumulated in the war, some $30 billion, but they refused. Hussein Ramadan is known for The Encounter at Boundless (2021) and Faded Glory (2020). Ramadan B. Hussein (Editor of Perspectives on Ancient Egypt) - Goodreads which occurred only in the form of rearrangement of the received texts, i.e. The US launched a missile attack aimed at Iraq's intelligence headquarters in Baghdad 26 June 1993, citing evidence of repeated Iraqi violations of the "no fly zones" imposed after the Gulf War and for incursions into Kuwait. The first Iraqi nuclear reactor was named by the French "Osirak". [13] Hussein's articles in Al Fajr at the time condemned Qasim and praised Nasser, so much so that one of his articles appeared in the Egyptian weekly Akher Sa'a. Within three days of their return in February 1996, both of the Kamel brothers were attacked and killed in a gunfight with other clan members who considered them traitors. Kanan Makiya recounts: The man and the myth merge in this episode.
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