The author argued that distance from vaccination centers may have accounted for these findings [16]. It can be caused by many different types of bacteria and viruses. It could be further rationalized that because of the easy accessibility of various category of drug stores and ease of getting drugs over the counter in urban areas caregivers tended to patronize these drug dealers and self-medicate their children during illnesses. And steps need to be taken to improve basic oxygen access and use, so no child is left fighting for breath. Get the answers, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICs), Every child's right to survive:An agenda to end pneumonia deaths. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/what-causes-pneumonia [Accessed November 2022], Cedars Sinai. You might think it's just a cold or the flu. Pneumonia in Children | Cedars-Sinai Most pneumococcal infections are mild. Higher maternal educational attainment and residence in semiurban area were significantly associated with knowledge of aetiology, danger signs, and vaccination of their children against pneumonia. When your little one comes down with pneumonia, it's natural to feel worried. Within these countries, it is the most deprived and marginalized children who suffer the most. It's important to recognize the symptoms of pneumonia as soon as possible, so your baby can get diagnosed and treated without delay. Conclusion. The relatively poorer knowledge of causes of pneumonia in this study may be related to the higher number of caregivers without any formal education (29.2%) compared to 4.3% among respondents in the Thailand study. All information was handled with strict confidentiality. Before The 13 in the PVC13 vaccine means it defends children against 13 variations of the pneumococcal disease. Oyedeji G. A. Socioeconomic and cultural background of hospitalized children in Ilesa, Nigeria. Contact your baby's healthcare provider immediately if your baby has any signs of pneumonia, such as trouble breathing or a fever. Pneumonia, the commonest of these respiratory diseases, kills more children than the combined total of those dying from AIDS, malaria and measles. Participation in the study was entirely voluntary and no financial inducement whatsoever was involved. It was further noted that caregivers in rural area were more likely to visit hospital, less likely to self-medicate, and also more likely to visit traditionalist and/or spiritualist compared to caregivers in urban areas. Pneumonia in Children - HealthyChildren.org Antibiotics can be effective in cases where bacteria cause pneumonia. Because it's not always easy for your healthcare provider to tell what's causing your baby's pneumonia, if theres any doubt, the provider may prescribe an antibiotic just to be safe. Children with pneumonia usually experience fast breathing, or their lower chest may draw in or retract when they inhale (in a healthy person, the chest expands during inhalation). Symptoms of pneumonia depend on the cause. The finding that caregivers with lower education were more likely to engage in this behaviour is easily rationalized. Received 2015 May 31; Accepted 2015 Oct 4. Another study in Uganda corroborated the poor knowledge among caregivers. Every year, in low- and middle-income countries, an estimated 7 million children under the age of 5 are admitted to hospitals with pneumonia, requiring urgent oxygen treatment to survive. The WHO clinical case definition applies to children aged 2-59 months, but the PERCH study aims to investigate children from 28 days of age. How will I know if my baby has pneumonia? They may request a sputum culture to confirm the presence of a lung infection and use a pulse oximeter to measure your childs oxygen levels. This includes: After their first birthday, your child will be able to get the chicken pox and MMR vaccines, too. Pneumonia., Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information / Opt-Out of Targeted Advertising. Air pollution can significantly increase the risk of respiratory infection, including pneumonia. PDF Revised WHO classification and treatment of childhood pneumonia at An important way of lowering the risk of pneumonia in your baby is to keep up good hygiene habits. After the newborn stage, babies most often get pneumonia from a virus, such as: They may get pneumonia from bacteria too, such as: A baby can get pneumonia anytime, but it's most common in fall, winter and spring. Complications of pneumococcal pneumonia include: Pneumonia treatment The others included but not limited to poor suck 33, excessive cry 28, abdominal distension 27, restlessness 18, stridor, that is, noisy breathing 15, unconsciousness 11, vomiting 10, watery stooling 9, dullness of face and body 6, and pale skin 5 (Table 3). Pneumonia. Siswanto E., Bhuiyan S. U., Chompikul J. Pneumonia can clear up in one or two weeks with proper treatment, although a cough may linger for a few more weeks. Children who live around cigarette smoke get sick more often (with pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma) than children in smoke-free environments. Symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis, an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord, include: In babies, meningitis may cause poor eating and drinking, low alertness, and vomiting. However when detected early, pneumonia can be treated with easily available medication at a low cost [5]. Contrary to this finding, a community based comparative study in Dera district of Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia, showed that more caregivers in urban area (75.0%) sought healthcare for acute respiratory tract infection in their children from healthcare institution compared to those in rural areas (34.4%). Acute Respiratory Infections in Children - Disease Control Priorities The site is secure. They often have limited or no access to basic health services and are more likely to suffer from other health threats like malnutrition, infectious diseases and polluted air. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Keep your baby away from people who might be sick. Challenges in the diagnosis of paediatric pneumonia in intervention Higher maternal educational attainment and residence in semiurban area were significantly associated with knowledge of aetiology, danger signs, and vaccination of their children against pneumonia. 1 Assessment for IMCI-pneumonia occurred less often if other symptoms were reported (fever, diarrhea, skin problems or any danger sign) or for RDT-confirmed malaria cases as well as among older children, those living in the South region or outpatients attending providers without IMCI in-service training or with lower job qualifications. Any baby can get pneumonia, but some are more at risk than others. It often starts with a cold or other upper respiratory infection and then develops into pneumonia. The infection can spread, too, leading to other complications such as sepsis (when the infection enters the bloodstream, resulting in inflammation and possible organ failure). Less common symptoms include abdominal pain and a stiff neck. Both prevention and treatment require strong primary health care as well as engaged and empowered communities. Access to oxygen has for a long time been unavailable to those who need it. Children usually recover from pneumonia when they receive proper medical attention. There is need for intensified public and hospital based interventions targeted at mothers to improve their knowledge about pneumonia. For children over 3 years of age, the sensitivity of the signs of tachypnea is relatively low. Pneumonia caused by bacteria is easily preventable with vaccines. Always consult medical professionals for full diagnosis and treatment. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV, a lower respiratory tract infection), Gray or bluish skin, lips, or fingernails (because of decreased oxygen in the bloodstream), Are born to mothers who had an infection at the time of delivery, A nasal swab (to check for viruses such as RSV or influenza). Chronic health issues like cystic fibrosis. Household sampling and enrollment which could have significantly reduced selection bias could not be done during selection of respondents in the community due to unorganized household locations and difficult terrains in some communities. Infants, especially those 6 months and younger. How to keep your baby healthy this winter, Safe home remedies for colds in babies, toddlers, and kids, the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information. 08 November 2022 Many people associate pneumonia with the elderly, but it is actually the biggest infectious killer of children worldwide. It develops when a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract such as a cold or influenza moves further down into the chest. Knowledge of pneumonia danger signs by respondents (multiple responses allowed). Therefore the authors intend to embark on workshops to sensitize medical personnel on the need to educate the caregivers on the danger signs and prevention of childhood pneumonia. That will help to accelerate a reduction of child deaths from pneumonia. Multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. At Nao Medical, we offer comprehensive urgent care and primary care services for infants and children, including treatment for pneumonia. Complications of pneumococcal pneumonia include: Pneumococcal pneumonia kills about 1 in 20 who get it. Table 3 | Danger Signs of Childhood Pneumonia: Caregiver - Hindawi First-line treatment option in all respondents ranged from antibiotics 52 (20.2%), cough syrups 119 (46.3%), vitamin C 7 (0.03%), drug combinations 46 (17.9%) [i.e., antibiotics + cough syrup, antibiotics + cough syrup + vitamin C, etc. Peltier currently serves as Centers for Disease Control and Protection (CDC). Pneumonia is more common in babies who: Take your baby to their healthcare provider. The LGAs were divided into rural and semiurban categories based on level of development and population in the LGAs. When asked about the cause, only 18 (4.1%) correctly stated its etiology. Likewise, dont allow your baby to use other peoples utensils. As a parent, its natural to worry about your childs health and well-being. The countries with the largest number of child pneumonia deaths are concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, including Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria and Pakistan. MDH materials translated into Amharic. 2Excessive cry 12, weakness 11, abdominal distension 11, poor suck 11, chest wall indrawing 10, diarrhoea 9, noisy breathing 8, and so forth. Pneumonia in Children. Pneumonia often develops as a complication of another disease like the flu or a viral upper respiratory infection. In developing countries, a large number of pneumonia cases is caused by bacteria and can be treated with low cost antibiotics. and transmitted securely. muscle pain . Pneumonia is usually diagnosed based on a physical examination, but an X-ray or blood tests might also be needed to gather more information about your little ones condition. Statistical significance was set at P value < 0.05. CDC twenty four seven. Bacterial infections may also cause pneumonia. The illness can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. and chest indrawing pneumonia. This is hardly surprising as caregivers with these sociodemographic variables are more likely to have more experiences of childhood illnesses and/or are better informed about pneumonia. While some cases of pneumonia are mild, it can be serious, especially for a young baby whose immune system isn't fully developed. Symptoms and Complications of Pneumococcal Disease | CDC for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. At Nao Medical, we offer comprehensive urgent care and primary care services for infants and children, including treatment for pneumonia. This is the form of pneumonia most often seen in babies. those causing tuberculosis) requiring other treatments. I allow Naomedical to contact me via phone or email. It only takes one dose of PVC13 to immunize children between the ages of 2 and 5 who have not previously received the vaccine. The clinical features utilised to describe respiratory distress . Fast breathing and difficulty in breathing were the commonest known and experienced WHO recognized danger signs while fever was the commonest perceived danger sign among caregivers. They'll ask you about your baby's symptoms, including how well they're eating and how alert they've been. Childhood pneumonia: Everything you need to know | UNICEF Knowledge and perception of pneumonai disease among mothers of children under five years attending Nakhon Pathom General Hospital, Thailand. Get home visits for COVID PCR & rapid tests, annual physicals, and blood tests with Nao Medical's home visit service. A study in union Council Jhudo. Pneumonia | Great Ormond Street Hospital One hundred and sixty-two (34.8%) had knowledge of none of the WHO/UNICEF danger signs. About 95% of the respondents (440/464) had heard of pneumonia and the remaining 24 (5.2%) never heard about it. This may be related to the ease of noticing these symptoms in children compared to chest wall indrawing and stridor.