Many of the settlers who took the deal combined their properties into larger settlementsin the South, these eventually became plantations, given their focus on agriculturewith the wealthiest and most powerful men governing these microcosms. In eastern Chester County, Pennsylvania, before 1700, for example, thirty-eight percent of households owned white indentured servants; from 1700 to 1760 the number ranged from fifteen to twenty-two percent. of Snyder County, Penna. That dark history, however, shouldnt deter you from appreciating the antebellum architecture of plantation homes or the well-manicured gardens that surround them, as Dr. Fields-Black sees itin fact, it may provide an opportunity to spotlit the work of crafters and creatives who have largely been erased from architectural history. The average property in southeastern Pennsylvania in 1700 was six hundred acres, making most early tracts plantation-sized; by 1765 the average holding was still 135 acres. [7], Most historical research has focused on the main houses of plantations, primarily because they were the most likely to survive and usually the most elaborate structures in the complex. Built from 184550 for William S. Mudd, a native of Kentucky. 1986), American actress and fashion model, Keith Stroup, American attorney and founder of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, Herbert H. Stroup, American politician, Candidate for U.S. Representative from New York 2nd District, 1952, F. J. Stroup, American politician, Member of South Dakota State House of Representatives 31st District, 1911-12, Daphne Ann Stroup, American Republican politician, Alternate Delegate to Republican National Convention from North Carolina, 2008, Arthur G. Stroup, American Republican politician, Alternate Delegate to Republican National Convention from Alaska Territory, 1924, (Another 7 notables are available in all our. In 1785, John Beale Bordley (1727-1804) of Como Farm in Chester County, Pennsylvania, and Charles Thomson (1729-1824) of Harriton in Montgomery County spearheaded the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, an organization dedicated to improving farming methods and agricultural education. In addition, farmers often maintained space for secondary occupations such as blacksmithing, tanning, and woodworking as a way of earning money during the off-season. 4a. [9][13], After the period of initial settlement, more refined folk house types came from the older portions of the South, especially the I-house, thought by architectural scholars to be a descendant of the hall and parlor and the central-passage house-types. The early nineteenth century also brought the continuing division of plantations through the generations. Allen Glover, a native of, Plantation founded by Joseph Gee, a native of, Built 1845, also known as the Green Underwood House, Underwood-Mayo Home, "A frame residence of eight rooms, one of the first homes of so pretentious forms in that country,", Built 1830; Also known as the Welch-Averiett House, Built 1860, also known as the Tait-Starr Plantation, This page was last edited on 4 July 2023, at 06:36. Farms and plantations also featured a kitchen garden, which the women in the family managed for growing vegetables and herbs. The Newmyer barn shown here was built between 1794 and 1798 and is one of western Pennsylvania's oldest surviving stone barns. While ownership of indentured servants decreased after the mid-1700sdue in part to the disruption in immigration caused by the Seven Years Warthe ownership of slaves in the liberty-loving Quaker colony increased, especially from 1750 to 1780 when grain and flour exports were at their peak. In the process, plantation farming stimulated the development of the regions transportation infrastructure and energized the already fierce dedication to scientific inquiry in the City of Firsts, Philadelphia. They've taken that step to reinterpret their history and to try to make it inclusive of everyone that lived on the property. Built c. 1858, contributing property to the, Built 183550s, destroyed in 1980s. Although some plantation houses were planned as grand mansions and were built all at once from the ground up, many more began as fairly rudimentary structures that either stayed that way, were replaced, or were enlarged and improved over time as fortunes improved. [2] Robert Fogel and Stanley Engerman define large planters as owning over 50 enslaved people, and medium planters as owning between 16 and 50 enslaved humans. This I-house with sheds came to be commonly referred to as "Plantation Plain". Grnanlagenpflege Karlsruhe | Piepenbrock Mixed farms or plantations in Kingsessing could be operated within the scope of family labor with occasional hired help, indentured labor, and only rarely with limited enslaved labor. There is a post mentioning a bible, in the hands of a descendant of Benjamin Listed as a National Historic Landmark, this house is considered to be an "unusually sophisticated Greek Revival style plantation house". It was razed in 1939. Harrisburg, Pa.: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1971. From scientific study of weather to practical experimentation with new tools and machinery, the PSPA challenged many long-held beliefs and farming traditions. GPX (primary coordinates) We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Location of the planned retention basin Bellenkopf-Rappenwoert near The most salient were sugar plantations, but there were cotton plantations and livestock plantations. Peter STRAUB, which states that George had a brother, Andrew, born ca. Image #42 of 51; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):, 3. Stroll the Schuylkill River Trailor join us for biking! Bartram and Reynolds, Philadelphia: 1807, p. 5-7. Native grasses were insufficient to graze large herds and the regular sowing of artificial grasses like timothy and clover did not occur until later in the century. The original Greek orders were Doric, Ionic, and the Corinthian. Also known as Ulysses S. Grant National Historic Site. Stroup Settlers in United States in the 19th Century. Farmers in Lancaster County and westward often found it cheaper to float their produce down the Susquehanna River to the Chesapeake Bay. The larvae of the Hessian fly fed on the tender leaves of young wheat, which reduced the winter hardiness of wheat planted in the fall and caused wheat planted in the spring to fall over before it reached harvest stage. [1][2][3][4][5], A 2014 article listed numerous plantation houses that were endangered or had already been lost. Common or smaller planters in the late 18th and 19th century had more modest wood-frame buildings, such as Southall Plantation in Charles City County. WorldConnect / Ancestry World Trees (online at RootsWeb.com/Ancestry.com). (Johann) Pieter STRAUB II & Catharina Elisabetha Birthdate calculated using Ben Buckner's JavaScript Copyright 2016-2023 by Sandy Schilling Payne. Join usyear-round to learn, make, share, and wonder. 30 Sep 1770; bap. Whereas the earlier Federal and Jeffersonian neoclassicism displayed an almost feminine lightness, academic Greek Revival was very masculine, with a heaviness not seen in the earlier styles. Grnanlagenpflege in Karlsruhe von Piepenbrock zertifizierte Qualitt hchste Kundenzufriedenheit rechtlich sicher Jetzt Kontakt aufnehmen! Whereas now I've seen that Im not the only one on the tour asking those questions.. In the aftermath of the Civil War, the word plantation became inextricably linked to slavery, but in the eighteenth century the word simply meant a property containing between one hundred and one thousand acres. This page is not available in other languages. Built 1835, 1855, 1935. Constructed in 1856. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Alabama that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. The colony as a whole owned about 16,200 acres of land. The surname Stroup was first found in Belgium, where the name became noted for its many branches in the region, each house acquiring a status and influence which was envied by the princes of the region. The last two decades of the eighteenth century emerged as a period of incredible agricultural and economic changes. 1770, both with parents Peter and Catherine. [9], Rough vernacular architecture for early plantations was also true in Arkansas and Missouri although in their river regions. More information is included under the topic Early Stroup Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible. Plantations are also sites of brutal oppression: Theyre largely responsible for the prolific growth of slavery in the United States. The landscape of both included a farmhouse, a springhouse for fresh water and storage of perishables like butter and milk, and a smokehouse for preserving meat during the fall butchering season. [5] Peter Collinson to John Bartram, March 14, 1737; The Correspondence of John Bartram 1734-1777, edited by Edmund Berkeley, and Dorothy Smith Berkeley. Colonial Pennsylvania Plantation And finally, the preface to the 1807 Bartram catalogue contains a different short version of William Bartrams biography of his father, A Catalogue of Trees, Shrubs, and Herbaceous Plants, Indigenous to the United States of America; Cultivated and Disposed of By John Bartram & Son, At their Botanical Garden, Kingsess, near Philadelphia. Dont forget plants in the bathrooms. Enslaved people on a plantation on Cockspur Island, Georgia (Top: Oak Alley Plantation in Vacherie, Louisiana). Built in 1836 for Richard Henry Adams and Anna Carter Harrison, both natives of Virginia. The plantation was in the community of Elyton prior to the. The island's first steam-powered sugar factory. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Formwalt's planters are in the top 4.5 percent of land owners, translating into real estate worth $6,000 or more in 1850, $24,000 or more in 1860, and $11,000 or more in 1870. Charles Stroup, who arrived in North Carolina sometime between 1792 and 1862. Hessian Fly, a Threat to Wheat Production. While some plantations were destroyed, many were subdivided, with both Black and white farmers leasing these smaller plots as sharecroppers (who would give a portion of their harvest to the landowner as rent) or tenant farmers (who actually paid rent). [5] In his study of Harrison County, Texas, Randolph B. Campbell classifies large planters as owners of 20 enslaved humans, and small planters as owners of between ten and 19 enslaved humans. To find links to collections on the county level, use the county Wiki pages. As the Upper South of the Chesapeake Bay colonies developed first, historians of the antebellum South defined planters as those who held 20 enslaved people. This page was last edited on 11 June 2023, at 23:33. Slavery and plantations had different characteristics in different regions of the South. The shift away from tobacco meant they had slaves in excess of the number needed for labor, and they began to sell them in the internal slave trade. [20] Planters often did not have the funds for upkeep of their existing houses and new construction virtually ceased on most plantations. Remember that heat rises so plants in high spots may require more water. In the 1770s nineteen percent of households in eastern Chester County held slaves, especially farmers who also engaged in milling, tanning, or some other trade that generated more work than the family could accomplish alone. [8] BARTRAM, (JOHN) in Supplement to the Encyclopdia, vol. Admitted to the Union in the mid-1840s, early architecture in Florida and Texas generally showed a stronger Spanish Colonial architectural influence, blended with French and British forms. Freedom by Degrees: Emancipation in Pennsylvania and its Aftermath. Plantation seems largely synonymous with farm or perhaps colonial farm in early Pennsylvania. This type of Pennsylvania bank barn, known as a Sweitzer or Swiss barn, was commonly built into a hillside by eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Germans. By 1790, the best poor mans country had begun to show its age. Some subscription websites are available for free at your local FamilySearch Center or Affiliate Library. disappear and, for the other, it seems unlikely they would have named another These sheds could manifest as open porches, enclosed rooms, or a combination of the two. Not until the 1820s did the first truly commercial farms come into existence. Johanes Hentz (John Haines), (1735 Germany-Jan. 3, 1815 Sign up for our newsletter. Here are a few general tips on houseplants and where to put them: Spreading plants around the perimeter and away from the center of the room can make the space appear larger. This page was last edited on 20 June 2023, at 12:26. _________________________________________________________________________________, German Settlements on the Crimean Peninsula. Records of the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, The Annenberg Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Pennsylvania Library, Philadelphia. Even Gaineswood, now a National Historic Landmark due to it being considered a lavish example of a plantation house, began as a two-story hewn-log dogtrot that was eventually enveloped within the brick mass of the house. In the South, they usually had full-width one-story shed extensions to the front and rear. Originally, the word meant to plant. NameCensus.com, The Political Graveyard: Alphabetical Name Index. The current entry on Plantations, in the web-based Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/plantations/ uses that exact hierarchy of acreage: In the eighteenth century the word simply meant a property containing between one hundred and one thousand acres. While the terms farm, plantation and manor do appear in early descriptions of property and land transactions in Pennsylvania, there is nothing to indicate that plantation referred to this precise range of size or scale. However, if you want healthy, beautiful, long-lived plants, growing conditions must be considered before anything else. Retrieved from. FamilySearch center or FamilySearch affiliate library. This table shows links to statewide collections. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Alabama that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. Another 70 words (5 lines of text) covering the year 1779 is included under the topic Early Stroup History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible. Also known as the Elliston-Farrell House. List of plantations in the United States - Wikipedia New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc., 1972. A wage laborer might quickly earn enough cash to become a farmer in his own right, and slaves and indentured servants could be prohibitively expensive. Vol. 13 Jun 1769 1759. Such a rethinking of these historic sites is largely inspired by the growing interest of the general public in facing those painful parts of the story. She Came to Work: The Female Labor Force in Chester County, 1750-1820. Early American Studies 5, no. Asteraceae: The Largest Plant Family On Earth, Button Fern Indoor Requirements How To Grow Button Fern Houseplants, Choosing Houseplants For Your Style What Are The Best Houseplants For My Decor, Citronella As A Houseplant Can You Keep Mosquito Plant Citronella Indoors, Different Dieffenbachia Varieties Different Types Of Dieffenbachia, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. Choose your plantations carefully, advises Dr. Fields-Black. Pennsylvania Online Genealogy Records FamilySearch Follow The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia on Instagram Freeburg, Pa), and Anna Regina Schuster Family History [link died]: 12. Twenty years ago, I would go on a plantation tour and expect to be insulted, expect to leave angry, and often expect that they might have thought I was a heckler and not a historian, because I often asked questions of the tour guide they thought were completely inappropriate, says Dr. Fields-Black. March 10, 1744, Correspondence of JB: p. 235. [4] There were a few individual cases of farms or plantations with a workforce of 4 or more enslaved Africans in Kingsessing, possibly raising tobacco in the Chesapeake fashion with hand cultivation. The Vaughans were natives of, One of the earliest plantation houses with a monumental, Built between 1828 and 1832 for Dr. Alexander W. Mitchell, a native of Virginia. List of plantations in Virginia - Wikipedia From scientific study of weather to practical experimentation with new tools and machinery, the PSPA challenged many long-held beliefs and farming traditions. The resulting maps from this project currently span the modern-day, independent countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Tajikistan, Trkiye, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. If you have space, set plants on the rungs of an old ladder or on top of a cupboard. By 1840, there were 88 farmers, each of whom had use o1 178 acres. Black Thistle Plantation. born in Penn [now Washington] Twp., Northumberland [now Snyder] Co., 1904. See Terms of Use for details. 1938. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Charles A. Fisher. born in Lynn Twp., Northampton [now Lehigh] Co., PA: Some researchers attach these children to our subjects, but I have Philodendron Houseplants: How To Care For A Philodendron Plant, DIY Mosaic Pebble Pathway: Tips For Making Pebble Walkways For Gardens, How To Build A Raised Garden Bed For Cheap. However, what came to be known as plantations became the center of large-scale enslaved labor operations in the Western . Andrew STRAUB, b. Many narratives go a step further by acknowledging their presence but refer to them as servants, which contributes to the romanticized imaginary of the South.. Shop for plants or grow food, trees, and more. If youre itching to put plants in a low-light room consider plants such as: Remember that low light doesnt mean no light at all. 6b. By 1786 it crossed into southeastern Pennsylvania, and by 1792 it devastated the rich wheat fields of Delaware and northern Maryland. [8]:8. The largest and wealthiest planter families, for instance, those with estates fronting on the James River in Virginia, constructed mansions in brick and Georgian style, e.g. Recorded by the HABS. List of plantations in Alabama - Wikipedia Plantation in English derives from action words in Latin or French meaning to plant or a planting [of crops, trees, even people]. Houses that were basically Greek Revival in character sprouted Italianate towers, bracketed eaves, or adopted the asymmetrical massing characteristic of that style. Thats a perfect place to talk about the enslaved carpenters and the gardeners and horticulturalists, she says. The Londoner, Peter Collison mainly used plantation to mean large agricultural or forestry plantings, generally in Europe, but he also on occasion used it to describe the Virginia tobacco plantations where he had acquaintances.[5]. Beginning in the mid-1700s, crop failures across Europe and an expanding slave population in the West Indies created a huge demand for food from the colonies. The Gothic Revival was usually expressed in wood as Carpenter Gothic. Although some plants, including certain types of cacti and succulents, need bright sunlight, most prefer more moderate, less intense light. For instance, place plants on shelves, windowsills, or in corners. Built183056, burned1939. Chambers definition of Colony is expanded out with three forms of colonies: The first to ease or discharge the Inhabitants of a Country where the People are become too numerous; the second are those establishd by victorious Princes and People, in the middle of vanquishd Nations to keep em in awe and obedience. Best Places For Houseplants: Where To Put Plants In Your House With diversification came security against bad harvests or plummeting market prices, and for successful farmers who now had labor needs year-round, it made financial sense to invest in indentured servants and, to a lesser extent, slaves.